All Conditions

Epilepsy & Seizures.

Assessment and follow-up for seizures, blackouts, and established epilepsy.

A seizure happens when there is a sudden burst of abnormal electrical activity in the brain. Some seizures involve shaking and loss of consciousness, but others can look like brief staring spells, confusion, unusual sensations, sudden falls, lip smacking, repeated movements, or episodes the person cannot remember clearly. Not every blackout is epilepsy, and not every seizure means a lifelong seizure disorder. The first task is to understand what actually happened, whether there were triggers, what witnesses saw, and whether tests such as EEG, imaging, or blood work are needed. For people already diagnosed with epilepsy, outpatient neurology care focuses on seizure control, medication tolerability, safety, driving and work advice, school or workplace planning, pregnancy considerations when relevant, and reducing avoidable triggers. A careful review is also useful after breakthrough seizures, missed doses, medication side effects, or uncertainty about whether events are epileptic seizures, fainting, panic episodes, sleep events, or another neurological problem.

When to seek help

Book a neurology consultation after a first unexplained seizure-like episode, recurrent blackouts, suspected absence spells, or breakthrough seizures despite medication. Emergency care is needed if a seizure lasts more than five minutes, repeated seizures occur without recovery, there is serious injury, pregnancy, breathing difficulty, or this is the first known seizure.

Common questions

Is every seizure epilepsy?
No. A single seizure can occur because of fever, low blood sugar, alcohol withdrawal, medication effects, infection, or other acute causes. Epilepsy is usually considered when there is a tendency toward recurrent unprovoked seizures, or when tests and clinical history show a high risk of recurrence.
What information should I bring to a seizure consultation?
Bring a description of what happened, how long it lasted, recovery time, any video if available, witness accounts, medication list, previous test results, and details of sleep, alcohol, illness, or missed medicines around the event.
Can epilepsy be controlled?
Many people achieve good seizure control with the right medication and follow-up. Some need dose adjustments or a different medicine because of side effects or continued seizures. A smaller group needs more specialised investigation if seizures remain difficult to control.